Laser Crystals ------>> Nd:YVO 4
Yttrium vanadate has been growing in popularity because of its high gain, low threshold, and high absorption coefficients at pumping wavelengths, which result from the excellent fit of the neodymium dopant in the crystal lattice. These advantages make Nd:YVO4 is a better choice than Nd:YAG for low-power devices such as hand-held pointers, and others compact lasers.
With advanced technology on growing and manufacturing high optical quality Nd:YVO4 crystals, FOCtek can provide a wide variety of finished crystals, our general Nd:YVO4 production capabilities include:
Capabilities Include:
1) |
Nd dopant concentration: |
0.1~3 atm% Tolerance within 10% of concentration |
2) |
Width*Height: |
1*1~ 16*16mm |
3) |
Length: |
0.02 ~ 20mm |
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Typical Specification and Tolerance:
1) |
Orientation: |
a-cut crystalline direction(+/-0.20) |
2) |
Dimensional tolerance: |
+/-0.1mm(typical)High precision +/-0.005mm can be available upon request. |
3) |
Wavefront Distortion: |
<l/8@633nm |
4) |
Surface quality: |
better than 20/10 Scratch/Dig per MIL-O-1380A |
5) |
Parallelism: |
< 10 arc seconds |
6) |
Perpendicularity: |
< 5 arc minutes |
7) |
Surface flatness: |
<l/10 at 632.8nm |
8) |
Clear aperture: |
Central 95% |
9) |
Chamfer: |
0.15x450 |
10) |
Damage threshold: |
over 15J/cm2 (rods without coating) over 700 MW/cm2 (coating) |
11) |
Coating: |
AR@1063nm, R< 0.1% & HT@808nm, T>95% HR@1063nm, R>99.8% & HT@808nm, T>95% HR@1063nm, R>99.8%, HR@532 nm, R>99% & HT@808 nm, T>95% AR@1063 nm, R<0.1% |
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coation 6-1 |
coation 6-2 |
coation 6-3 |
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coation 6-4 |
coation 6-5 |
Peak Absorption Wavelength |
808nm |
Lasing Wavelength |
914 nm, 1064 nm, 1342 nm |
Crystal Class |
Positive uniaxial, no=na=nb ne=nc no=1.9573, ne=2.1652,@ 1064nm no=1.9721, ne=2.1858, @ 808nm no=2.0210, ne=2.2560, @ 532nm |
Thermal Optical Coefficient |
dna/dT=8.5x10-6/K,dnc/dT=3.0x10-6/K |
Stimulated Emission Cross-Section |
25.0x10-19cm2 , @1064 nm |
Fluorescent Lifetime Nd=1.2 atm% 00000000000000Nd=2.0 atm% |
90 μs @ 808 nm 50 μs @ 808 nm |
Absorption Coefficience Nd=1.1 atm% |
31.4 cm-1 @ 808 nm |
Absorption Length Nd=1.1 atm% |
0.32 mm @ 808 nm |
Intrinsic Loss Nd=1.1 atm% |
Less 0.1% cm-1 , @1064 nm |
Gain Bandwidth |
0.96 nm (257GHz)@1064nm |
Polarized Laser Emission |
π polarization;parallel to optic axis (c-axis) |
Diode Pumped Optical to Optical efficiency |
> 60% |
Sellmeier Equation (for pure YVO4 crystals) |
no2=3.77834+0.069736/(l2 - 0.04724) - 0.0108133.l2 ne2=4.59905+0.110534/(l2 - 0.04813) - 0.0122676.l2 |
| Atomic Density | ～1.37x1020 atoms/cm2 |
| Crystal Structure | Zircon Tetragonal. space group D4h, a=b=7.12, c=6.29 |
| Density | 4.22 g/cm2 |
| Mohs Hardness | Glass-like, ～5 |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | αa=4.43x10-6 /K, aa=11.37x10-6/K |
| Thermal Conductivity Coefficient | ║C:5.23 W/m/K; ┴ C: 5.10W/m/K |
How to handle the Nd:YVO4 crystal
When you receive crystals from FOCTEK, please make sure that only qualified personnel are able to open inner packing at clean environment. Please prevent finger print, oil and other substances from adhering to the polished or coated surfaces.
If the surfaces are contaminated, please blow the surfaces with air ball. If there is still pollution on the crystal surfaces, please clean the surfaces with cleaning liquid and soft silk. The mixing liquid of 50% high purity alcohol and 50% high purity ether is recommended as cleaning liquid. Please notify that the contaminated surfaces are very easy to be damaged. When polished surfaces are fogged or damaged, please ask FOCTEK for repolishing and coating service.
Marks on the crystals
For general a-cut Nd:YVO4, there is a dot mark on the surface, which normal to the optical axis. And, if the coating is different on the input and output surface, there is an arrow mark on the cruystal side surface, which direct from input surface to output surface.
Standard Products Series
Foctek have a lot of standard series kits of diode pumped laser optics, is's easy to select what you need listed below
Part |
Size (mm) |
Nd |
Coatings |
Unit Price |
|
S1 |
S2 |
||||
NYV001 |
3x3x1 |
0.5% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, |
$48 |
NYV002 |
3x3x1 |
1% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, |
$48 |
NYV003 |
3x3x1 |
1% |
HR@1064nm, HT@808nm, |
AR@1064nm, |
$79 |
NYV004 |
3x3x1 |
1% |
HR@1064nm,HT@808nm,HR@532nm |
AR@1064nm, |
$99 |
NYV005 |
3x3x3 |
0.5% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$99 |
NYV006 |
3x3x3 |
0.5% |
HR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$129 |
NYV007 |
3x3x5 |
0.5% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$129 |
NYV008 |
3x3x8 |
0.5% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$179 |
NYV009 |
3x3x12 |
0.5% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$219 |
NYV010 |
3x3x3 |
1.0% |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$99 |
NYV011 |
3x3x3 |
1.0% |
HR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm, HT@808nm |
$129 |
NYV101 |
3x3x0.5 |
3.0% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$99 |
NYV102 |
3x3x1 |
1.0% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$99 |
NYV103 |
3x3x1 |
2.0% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$99 |
NYV104 |
3x3x3 |
1.0% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$159 |
NYV105 |
3x3x5 |
0.5% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$199 |
NYV106 |
3x3x2 |
1.0% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$129 |
NYV107 |
3x3x2 |
0.5% |
HR@1064nm, HR@532nm,HT@808nm |
AR@1064nm&532 nm |
$129 |
FOCtek develop a new product series(Nd:YVO 4 +KTP) for very cmpact design of diode pumped green lasers. Nd:YVO 4 and KTP crystals are cemented together which is shown below.
Nd:YVO 4 +KTP Cemented Series
| Part# | Nd:YVO4 Nd-3% | KTP ( q =90°, f =23.5° ) | Unit Price | ||
| Size(mm) | Coatings: S1 | Size | Coating: S4 | ||
| NKC001 | 1x1x0.5 | HR@1064nm HT@808nm |
1x1x2 | HR@1064nm HT@532nm |
$69 |
| NKC002 | 2x2x0.5 | 2x2x2 | $99 | ||
| NKC003 | 1x1x0.5 | HR@1064nm HR@532nm HT@808nm |
1x1x2 | $79 | |
| NKC004 | 2x2x0.5 | 2x2x2 | $109 | ||
Notes:
1) Coating specification: AR@1064nm, R<0.1%; HR@1064nm, R>99.8%; HR@ 532nm, R>98%
HT@808nm, T>95%;
2) The unit price listed above chart is for low quantity (1-10pcs), for high volume, please ask our sales for quantity discount.
Nd:YVO 4 properties compare with Nd:YAG
| Nd:YAG, 1 atm% Nd | Nd:YVO 4 1 atm% Nd | |
| Fluorescence lifetime ( t ) | 230 m s | 100 m s |
| Stimulated emission cross section ( s ) | s 21=2.7-8.8x10-19cm-2 | 15.6x10-19cm-2( p -pol) |
| Absorption coefficient | 7.1cm -1 | 31.2 cm -1 |
| La | 1.41mm | 0.32mm |
| Threshold power | 115mw | 78mw |
| Converstion efficiency h s | 38.6% | 48.6% |
| Thermal conductivity coefficient | ||c:14w/m/k ^ c: 10.5w/m/k |
||c:5.23w/m/k ^ c: 5.10w/m/k |
| Highest dopant level | 1.2% | 3% |
| Crystals length for the same output power(<200mw) | ~5mm (1%) | ~0.5mm (3%) ~1mm (1%) |
| Crystals length for the same output power(~2w) | ~50(1%) | 5mm(0.5%) |