FOCtek Photonics,Inc.---E-O Crystals ------>> LiNbO3,Optics,Lens,Penta Prism,Right Angle Prism,Mirror Crystals,Nd:YAG,Nd:YVO4,Ti:Sapphire,BBO,KTP,YVO4 Polarization Optics,Polarizer,Waveplate,PBS Micro Optics,C-Lens,LN Wedge,YVO4 Wedge,YVO4 Beam Displacer,Micro Prism,Micro PBS,Micro Waveplate,FOCtek
LiNbO 3 is widely used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as modulator for fiber optics, etc. The transverse modulation is mostly employed for LiNbO 3 crystal.
If the light propagates in z-axis and electric field applies to x-axis, the refractive retardation will be
G = p Lnr22V/ l d. The electro-optic coefficients of LiNbO 3 are:
r 33 = 32 pm/V, r 31 = 10 pm/V, r 22 = 6.8 pm/V at low frequency
r 33 = 31 pm/V, r 31 = 8.6 pm/V, r 22 = 3.4 pm/V at high electric frequency.
MgO:LiNbO 3 and ZnO: LiNbO 3 crystals have similar electro-optic properties to LiNbO 3 but with higher damage threshold.
The refractive index of an optical medium is altered by the presence of sound, this is called acousto-optic effect which can be used in many devices include optical modulators, switches, deflectors, filters, frequency shifters and spectrum analyzers. FOCtek provide several kinds of acousto-optic crystals: LiNbO 3 SAW wafers, LiTaO 3 SAW wafers. TeO2 and PbMnO4 crystals.